Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Barriers to Physical Activity After Stroke (BAPAS) Scale in Stroke Patients
SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, cilt.8, sa.1, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 8 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s42399-026-02659-3
- Dergi Adı: SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, EMBASE, Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: BAPAS, Physical Activity, Reliability, Stroke, Validity
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background: Regular physical activity (PA) plays a crucial role in improving physical and functional outcomes after stroke. Therefore, identifying perceived barriers to PA in stroke survivors is essential. Aim: This study aims to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Barriers to Physical Activity After Stroke (BAPAS-T) scale in stroke patients. Methods: Seventy-two chronic stroke patients (mean age 61.36 ± 9.84 years) were included in this study. For test-retest reliability, the BAPAS-Twas repeated one week after the initial assessment in a subgroup of 64 participants. Psychometric properties including intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), internal consistency, item-level weighted kappa, convergent validity, and floor/ceiling effects were assessed. Convergent validity was evaluated using the Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC), Rivermead Motor Assessment (RMA), and Barthel Index (BI). Test–retest reliability was assessed using a two-way mixed-effects, absolute-agreement, single-measure ICC [ICC(A,1)]. Results: Internal consistency was good for the total scale (Cronbach’s α = 0.817) but more modest at the subscale level (α = 0.668–0.674). Test–retest reliability was moderate (ICC(A,1) = 0.645, 95% CI: 0.417–0.785). Item-level weighted kappa ranged from 0.330 to 0.641. No floor or ceiling effects were observed. The BAPAS-T total score showed significant moderate negative correlations with FAC (r=-0.580), RMA (r=-0.589), and BI (r=-0.406, all p < 0.001). Subscale-level correlations were similar, except for BAPAS-T II and BI (r=-0.337, p = 0.004), directionally consistent but of lower magnitude than predefined. Conclusions: The BAPAS-T demonstrates promising construct validity and test–retest reliability for assessing physical activity barriers in ambulatory Turkish-speaking stroke survivors without major communication difficulties. However, some psychometric properties at the subscale level were more modest, and further studies evaluating structural validity and responsiveness are needed before the tool can be recommended for routine clinical use. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06011174