Research Information System
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol.212, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) are described as a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for the production of hydrogen, a key clean energy carrier. A key component of PEMWEs, the porous transport layer (PTL) plays a central role enabling water supply, gas removal, current collection, and thermal management within the cell. This review study systematically examines the experimental and numerical studies conducted in recent years on the structural, chemical, and functional properties of PTLs. Specifically, the effects of parameters such as porosity, thickness, pore size, wettability, coating techniques, and microstructure optimization on mass and heat transfer losses, bubble dynamics, contact resistance, and strength are evaluated. The study also discusses operando and imaging-based characterization methods, compression effects, and new modeling approaches for understanding multiphase flow behavior. The findings demonstrate that the gradual distribution of porosity, control of surface roughness, application of protective coatings, and integration of thin microporous layers in PTL designs can increase efficiency at high current densities. Ultimately, the aim is to contribute to researchers in determining a future roadmap for PTL in PEMWEs.