Acoustic Characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish Vowels Produced by Turkish Adult Females

ÖNEN Ç., ESEN AYDINLI F., KEMALOĞLU Y. K.

Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP), cilt.78, sa.4, ss.328-339, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, SSCI, Scopus)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 78 Sayı: 4
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1159/000548102
  • Dergi Adı: Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP)
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, MLA - Modern Language Association Database, Psycinfo, MLA International Bibliography, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Social Science Premium Collection (ProQuest), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Linguistics Collection (ProQuest), Pharma Collection (ProQuest)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.328-339
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Acoustic analysis, Female voice, Formant frequency, Vowels
  • Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

INTRODUCTION: The acoustic characteristics of vowels are essential in phonology, acoustic phonetics, and various related fields. A few Turkish studies have presented data on vowels in females, but the number of subjects was limited. This study aimed to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish (CTT) vowels in healthy native Turkish adult females and construct the vowel quadrangle specifically for them. METHODS: The research involved 51 female volunteers aged 18-45. The parameters of intensity (root mean square), fundamental frequency (F0), and the first through fifth formant frequencies (f1, f2, f3, f4, and f5) were calculated for the CTT vowels (). Each vowel's f1 and f2 values were plotted on a vowel chart as y and x values, respectively. RESULTS: Intensity values ranged from 60.4 to 82 decibels. The lowest and highest mean F0 were obtained with the vowels and <ü>, respectively. The highest f1 was noted for , whereas the lowest f1 was found for . Additionally, had the highest f2, while had the lowest f2. The speech sound of exhibited a very high f1 (the second highest after ) and f2 (the second highest after ). The speech sounds of were identified as corner vowels. CONCLUSION: This research provided the acoustic characteristics of CTT vowels and a standard CTT vowel template for female speakers with perceptually and acoustically healthy voices.