Low-platinum and platinum-free anode electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells: Materials strategies and techno-economics analysis
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, cilt.225, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 225
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154389
- Dergi Adı: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Artic & Antarctic Regions, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, Environment Index, INSPEC
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are strong candidates for portable power generation due to their high energy density and simple system architecture. However, they have not become widespread due to platinum cost, CO poisoning, and limited durability. This review reevaluates methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) anode catalysts based on the fundamental surface processes that determine reaction rate (CO binding, OH∗ formation, and charge transfer), rather than simply classifying them by material type. Alloying, support engineering, and surface functionalization approaches have been shown to be interdependent components of the same performance architecture. While Pt-alloys provide a high activity-durability balance, Pd- and Ni-based systems have been found to offer cost-advantaged alternatives, particularly in alkaline environments. The relationship between electrochemical performance, platinum usage, and system lifetime has been jointly addressed from a techno-economic perspective, proposing a feasible roadmap for the design of low-Pt and Pt-free anodes. This approach aims to accelerate the transition of DMFC technologies from the laboratory scale to practical applications.