The effects of different beta stabilizers on the mechanical and thermal properties of titanium alloys
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, cilt.1064, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 1064
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.187899
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Alloys and Compounds
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, Public Affairs Index
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Alloy Development, Alloy Modelling, Beta Stabilizer, Titanium Alloys
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Titanium alloys are generally classified into three main categories which are α, β, and α+ β types, based on their stable phases at room temperature. α-type alloys, stabilized by elements such as Al and O, exhibit excellent corrosion and high-temperature resistance, while β-type alloys containing V, Fe, Mo, Ta, or Nb offer superior formability and heat-treatable strength. α+ β alloys, exemplified by Ti-6Al-4V, provide an optimal balance between strength and ductility, making them the most widely used class in aerospace and biomedical applications. Despite decades of research, the fundamental mechanism of the α (HCP) to β (BCC) transformation above the α/β transus (∼980 °C) and its dependence on β-stabilizing elements remain unclear. Experimental limitations continue to obscure whether the increasing β-phase fraction results from fresh nucleation within α grains or from the growth of pre-existing β regions influenced by varying stabilizer concentrations. In this study, phase diagrams, β-transus temperatures, and solidification ranges calculated using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) methodology were evaluated together with experimental observations and heat treatment recipe for substituting V from Ti6Al4V formulation with different β-stabilizing elements. The alloying behavior, casting, vacuum heat treatment, and thermo-mechanical properties of produced Ti6Al4X alloys, where X is V, Fe, Ta, Nb or Mo, were systematically investigated. The results indicate that, depending on the targeted thermal and mechanical requirements, these β-stabilizers can serve as effective alternatives to vanadium in Ti-6Al-4V-based alloys.